Mitochondrial genome sequence characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of Schizothorax argentatus / 生物工程学报

Schizothorax argentatus that only distributes in the Ili River basin in Xinjiang is one of the rare and endangered species of schizothorax in China, thus has high scientific and economic values. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of S. argenteus with a length of 16 580 bp was obtained by high-throughput sequencing. The gene compositions and arrangement were similar to those of typical vertebrates. It contained 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and a non-coding region (D-loop). The nucleotide compositions were A (30.25%), G (17.28%), C (27.20%), and T (25.27%), respectively, showing obvious AT bias and anti-G bias. Among the tRNA genes, only tRNA-Ser(GCU) could not form a typical cloverleaf structure due to the lack of dihydrouracil arm. The AT-skew and GC-skew values of the ND6 gene were fluctuating the most, suggesting that the gene may experience different selection and mutation pressures from other genes. The mitochondrial control region of S. argenteus contained three different domains, i.e., termination sequence region (ETAS), central conserved region (CSB-F, CSB-E, CSB-D, and CSB-B), and conserved sequence region (CSB1, CSB2, and CSB3). The conserved sequence fragment TT (AT) nGTG, which was ubiquitous in Cypriniformes, was identified at about 50 bp downstream CSB3. Phylogenetic relationships based on the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of 28 Schizothorax species showed that S. argenteus had differentiated earlier and had a distant relationship with other species, which may be closely related to the geographical location and the hydrological environment where it lives.

elationship between preoperative fasting plasma glucose and postoperative pulmonary complications after lung resection in type 2 diabetic patients / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective     To explore the relationship between preoperative fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in type 2 diabetic patients undergoing elective thoracoscopic lung resection, and provide a reference for prediction and prevention of PPCs in the clinic. Methods     A retrospective analysis was performed on the type 2 diabetic patients who underwent elective thoracoscopic lung resection for the first time in our hospital from January 2017 to March 2021. According to the level of FPG one day before the operation, the patients were divided into three groups: a hypoglycemia group (<6.1 mmol/L), a medium level blood glucose group (≥6.1 mmol/L and <8.0 mmol/L) and a high blood glucose group (≥8.0 mmol/L). Besides, the patients were divided into a PPCs group and a non-PPCs group according to whether PPCs occurred. The risk factors for PPCs were analyzed by logistic regression analysis, and the predictive value of preoperative FPG level on PPCs was estimated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Results     A total of 130 patients were included, including 75 (57.7%) males and 55 (42.3%) females with an average age of 63.5±9.0 years. Logistic regression analysis showed that compared to non-PPCs patients, the level of preoperative FPG (P=0.023) and smoking history ratio (P=0.036) were higher and the operation time was longer (P=0.004) in the PPCs patients. High FPG level on preoperative day 1 and longer operation time were associated with PPCs risk. Besides, the preoperative FPG of 6.79 mmol/L was the threshold value to predict the occurrence of PPCs [AUC=0.653, 95%CI (0.559, 0.747), P=0.003]. Conclusion     There is a certain correlation between preoperative FPG level and postoperative PPCs, which may be used as an index to predict the occurrence of PPCs.

Correlation of neutrophil extracellular traps with T cells differentiation in Hashimoto′s thyroiditis mice and vitamin D′s relief effect / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective:To investigate correlation between neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs) formation and T cell subsets in mice with experimental autoimmune thyroiditis(EAT) and the impact of active vitamin D intervention.Methods:Six-week-old female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into Control group, EAT group and 1, 25 dihydroxy vitamin D 3[1, 25(OH) 2D 3] treatment group(VitD group; n=6/group). HE staining was used to observe thyroid pathology. Plasma thyroglobulin antibody(TGAb), thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAb), and 1, 25(OH) 2D 3 were measured by ELISA. Peripheral NETs formation, Th1, Th2, and Th17 cell ratio from spleen were measured by flow cytometry. Correlation between NETs formation rate and Th1, Th2, and Th17 cell ratio was analyzed. Results:Compared with Control group, mice in EAT group had significantly increased thyroid inflammation scores, thyroiditis morbidity, TPOAb, TGAb levels, NETs formation rate, Th2(CD4 + IL-4 + or CD4 + IL-13 + )and Th17 cell proportions( P were <0.001, 0.002, 0.007, <0.001, <0.001, 0.003, 0.001, and 0.002, respectively), and significant decreased 1, 25(OH) 2D 3, Th1 cell proportions, Th1/Th2(CD4 + IL-4 + ), Th1/Th2(CD4 + IL-13 + ), and Th1/Th17 ratios( P were 0.010, 0.018, 0.010, 0.005, and 0.007, respectively). Compared with the EAT group, the VitD group had lower thyroid inflammation scores, TPOAb, TGAb levels, NETs formation rate, Th2(CD4 + IL-4 + or CD4 + IL-13 + ) and Th17 cell proportions( P were 0.044, 0.007, <0.001, 0.001, 0.014, 0.008, and 0.001, respectively), and significant higher Th1 cell ratio, Th1/Th2(CD4 + IL-13 + ) and Th1/Th17 ratio( P were 0.011, 0.009, and 0.003, respectively). The Th1/Th2(CD4 + IL-4 + ) was not significantly increased in VitD group compared with EAT group( P=0.174). NETs formation rate was positively correlated with Th2(CD4 + IL-4 + or CD4 + IL-13 + ) and Th17 cell proportion( r were 0.65, 0.59, and 0.61; and P were 0.004, 0.010, and 0.007, respectively), but not with Th1 cell proportion( r=-0.47, P=0.051). Conclusion:EAT mice were more prone to NETs formation. Active vitamin D may relieve immune imbalance with increased Th2 and Th17 cell ratio and decreased Th1 cell ratio by reducing the formation of NETs in EAT mice. Vitamin D played the protective role in thyroid by reducing thyroid pathological damage and thyroid autoantibody levels, and relived overall lymphocyte imbalance.

Comparison of the fingerprint and multi-component contents between Liuwei dihuang powder decoction pieces and traditional decoction pieces with different decocting time / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To compare the change law of multi-components in the extraction process between Liuwei dihuang powder decoction pieces and traditional decoction pieces （hereinafter referred to as powder decoction pieces and traditional decoction pieces）， and to provide scientific basis for the modern technology research of Liuwei dihuang formula. METHODS Taking powder decoction pieces and traditional decoction pieces as samples， the samples were taken when soaking for 60 min， at 0， 5， 10， 15， 20， 25， 30， 40， 50， 60 min of the first decocting and at 5， 10， 20， 30， 40 min of the second decocting， respectively. HPLC method was used to establish the fingerprints of 2 kinds of decoction pieces with different decocting time. The similarity evaluation and peak identification were performed. The contents of 8 components including 5-hydroxyfurfural， catechin， monoglycoside， loganin， swertin glycoside， dihydroquercetin， paeonol and benzoyl paeoniflorin were all determined. RESULTS With different decocting time， the similarties between 2 kinds of decoction pieces and their respective control fingerprints R were all greater than 0.98. In the fingerprints of traditional decoction pieces， five chromatographic peaks were identified， namely， 5- hydroxyfurfural， monetin， swertiaoside， dihydroquercetin and paeonol； in the fingerprints of powder decoction pieces， six chromatographic peaks were identified， namely， 5-hydroxyfurfural， monoglycoside， swertiamarin， dihydroquercetin， paeonol and benzoyl paeoniflorin. The results of content determination showed that in the first 5 minutes of the first decocting， the decocting rate of almost all the ingredients in the powder decoction pieces was faster than that of the traditional decoction pieces； after 40 min， the contents of other active ingredients were lower than those of traditional decoction pieces except for 5-hydroxyfurfural and paeonol. In the process of second decocting， except for paeonol and loganin， the contents of other ingredients in powder decoction pieces were higher than that in traditional decoction pieces； catechin was completely decocted from the traditional decoction pieces in the first decocting， while it could still be detected in the powder decoction pieces in the second decocting. There was little difference in the total decocted amount of the 8 ingredients in the two decoction pieces. CONCLUSIONS The chemical composition of powder decoction pieces of Liuwei dihuang formula has no obvious advantages compared with traditional decoction pieces， and can not save the decocting time and the amount of medicinal materials.

Relationship between Erbin and Bax/Bcl-xL-mediated cell apoptosis during sepsis-induced acute kidney injury in mice / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the relationship between Erbin and Bax/Bcl-xL-mediated cell apoptosis during sepsis-induced acute kidney injury in mice.Methods:Thirty-two SPF male wild type C57BL/6 mice, 32 SPF male Erbin (-/-) C57BL/6 mice, aged 6-8 weeks, weighing 20-30 g, were divided into 2 groups ( n=16 each) using the random number table method: wild type sham operation group (WT+ Sham group), wild type sepsis group (WT+ S group), Erbin(-/-) sham operation group (EKO+ Sham group), and Erbin(-/-) sepsis group (EKO+ S group). The sepsis model was established using the moderate cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in anesthetized animals.The survival rates within 7 days after CLP were recorded.The serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-1β, creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined at 24 h after CLP.Then the renal tissues were taken for assessment of renal injury which was scored and for determination of the apoptosis rate (by TUNEL) and expression of cleaved-caspase-3, Bcl-xL and Bax (by Western blot). Results:Compared with sham operation groups, the survival rates were significantly decreased, the serum concentrations of IL-1β, IL-10, TNF-α, Cr, BUN and LDH, renal injury score and apoptosis rate were increased, the expression of Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 was up-regulated, and the expression of Bcl-xL was down-regulated in sepsis groups ( P<0.05). Compared with WT+ S group, the survival rates were significantly decreased, the serum concentrations of IL-1β, LDH, TNF-α, Cr and BUN and renal injury score were increased, the serum concentration of IL-10 was decreased, the apoptosis rate of renal tissues was increased, the expression of Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 was up-regulated, and the expression of Bcl-xL was down-regulated in EKO+ S group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Erbin can inhibit Bax/Bcl-xL-mediated cell apoptosis and is involved in endogenous protective mechanism against sepsis-induced acute kidney injury in mice.

Analysis of health check-up results for male adults from high altitude areas at a health check-up center in chengdu / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To analyze the health screening results for adult men from high altitude areas in a Chengdu health screening center at high altitudes.Methods:The medical and physical examination results of 1 333 plateau people in Sichuan province people′s hospital health physical examination data management center who participated from 2014—2019 and aged 18-80 years old were analyzed. The general data of different age groups were compared using ANOVA analysis. The two groups were compared by independent sample t-test and Mann-Whitney U test, and χ 2 test was used to compare physical examination abnormalities among different age groups. Results:This population was generally overweight and obese, compared to the control group, with systolic blood pressure [(125.29±14.97) vs (123.52±14.87) mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), height (168.64±6.26) vs (169.31±6.26) cm, weight (79.47±13.69) vs (71.02±10.62) kg, body mass index (27.91±4.45) vs (24.75±3.24) kg/m2, haemoglobin (169.03±15.18) vs (157.50±11.52) g/L, uric acid (393.12±75.48) vs (410.42±82.14) μmol/L, triacylglycerols 1.18(0.90, 1.69) vs 1.64(1.12, 2.37) mmol/L, total cholesterol 4.58(4.02, 5.15) vs 4.82(4.33, 5.36) mmol/L, HDL cholesterol 1.28(1.14, 1.46) vs 1.26(1.08, 1.46) mmol/L, LDL cholesterol 2.91(2.41, 3.42) vs 3.03(2.49, 3.60) mmol/L] levels were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The physical examination abnormalities detected were fatty liver, hyperlipidemia, abnormal liver function, hyperuricemia, elevated blood glucose, elevated blood pressure, gallbladder disease, abnormal kidney function, prostate hyperplasia, and erythrocytosis. The differences in the detection rates of the above abnormalities were statistically significant when compared between different age groups. Conclusion:The health status of the adult population from high altitude areas screened in our center is critical; therefore, appropriate health interventions need to be made.

Genetic analysis of a case of infant spinal muscular atrophy type 1c / 中国综合临床

Objective:To summarize the genetic characteristics of a case of spinal muscular atrophy type 1c.Methods:The case data of a child with spinal muscular atrophy type 1c was retrospectively analyzed, and the genetic analysis and literature review were carried out.Results:The patient, male, started at the age of 2 months, and showed gross motor development backwardness and low muscular tension. Multiplex connection probe amplification technique showed that the child had homozygous deletion mutation in exon 7-8 of SMN1 gene, and there was duplicate mutation in exon 7-8 of SMN2 gene. The number of copies of exon 7/8 was 3/3. His father was a heterozygous deletion carrier of SMN1 gene, and there was homozygous mutation in exon 8 of SMN2 gene. The number of copies of exon 7/8 was 2/3. His mother did not find abnormal exons of SMN1 gene, and the number of copies of exon 7/8 of SMN2 gene was 1/1.Conclusion:Spinal muscular atrophy lacks specific manifestations in the early stage, and the diagnosis mainly depends on genetic testing. Clinicians need to be vigilant, strengthen the early understanding of the disease, and improve the prognosis.

The multiple mediating effects of health belief and physician trust on proactive personality and medical attitude in adults / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To explore the influence of proactive personality on medical attitude and the mediating role of health belief and physician trust.Methods:A total of 703 adults were surveyed by proactive personality scale, Chinese adult health belief scale, Wake Forest physician trust scale and medical attitude scale from Octomber to November 2019.Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were conducted by SPSS 23.0 software, and mediating effects were analyzed by SPSS macro program PROCESS 3.3.Results:(1)For all subjects, the score of proactive personality was(55.12±11.00), the score of health belief was(74.88±10.31), the score of doctor trust was(33.23±5.63), and the score of medical attitude was(56.55±13.07). Proactive personality was significantly positively correlated with health belief ( r=0.535), physician trust ( r=0.298) and medical attitude ( r=0.406) (all P<0.01), and health belief was significantly positively correlated with physician trust ( r=0.363) and medical attitude ( r=0.696) (both P<0.01). There was a significant positive correlation between physician trust and medical attitude ( r=0.452, P<0.01). (2) Proactive personality had an impact on medical attitude through three pathways. The single mediating effect value of health belief was 0.326, accounting for 82.74% of the total indirect effect. The single mediating effect value of physician trust was 0.040, accounting for 10.15% of the total indirect effect. The chain mediating effect value of health belief and physician trust was 0.028, accounting for 7.11% of the total indirect effect. Conclusion:Health belief and physician trust play multiple mediating roles in proactive personality and medical attitude in adults.

Active Constituents and Mechanism of Epimedii Folium Against Liver Cancer： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Liver cancer is a worldwide malignant tumor with an increasing incidence by years. At present， it is facing the predicament of poor prognosis and lack of effective therapeutic drugs. Epimedii Folium is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine with a long history， and exiting clinical and pharmacological studies show that it can be used in clinical treatment of liver cancer. According to reports， Epimedii Folium polysaccharides （EPS）， C-8-isopentenyl substituted flavonoids and their glycosides （icaritin， icariin， baohuoside Ⅰ， epimedin C） have good anti-liver cancer activity. They are the main active ingredients of Epimedii Folium against liver cancer. The data which comes from in vitro and in vivo studies suggests flavonoids in Epimedii Folium demonstrate anti-liver cancer activity through various mechanisms， including inhibiting hepatoma cells proliferation， promoting hepatoma cells apoptosis， improving tumor immunosuppression microenvironment， inhibiting hepatoma cells immune escape， invasion and migration， reversing hepatoma cells resistance， suppressing hepatocellular carcinoma initiation cells and regulating the immunity of the body. While EPS play an anti-hepatocellular carcinoma role mainly through the regulation of immunity. Epimedii Folium exerts good anti-liver cancer effects with multiple components， multiple targets， and multiple pathways， which makes it a valuable anti-liver cancer drug. However， the comprehensive analysis of related aspects is still lacking. Therefore， this study briefly reviewed the anti-hepatocellular carcinoma active ingredients of Epimedii Folium and their mechanisms. In addition， in the process of literature review， it was found that the anti-liver cancer studies of Epimedii Folium mainly focused on a few components and the studies elucidating the active constituents and mechanism of Epimedii Folium against liver cancer on the whole level were insufficient. Based on these questions， the study also proposed corresponding suggestion to provide reference for the further study of substance basis， clinical application and rational development of Epimedii Folium against liver cancer.

Treatment of soft tissue defect by progressive stretch skin suture technique / 中华全科医师杂志

Clinical data of 14 patients with skin and soft tissue defects treated by progressive stretch skin suture (stretch suture) in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from September 2016 to January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 10 male and 4 female aged 13-73 years. The ankle and calf were the main defect sites with the defect area ranged from 2-3 cm×2-3 cm to 3-6 cm×5-9 cm. According to the wound skin condition, patients received progressive stretch suture 2-4 times after debridement and anti-infection treatment until the wounds were completely healed. Two patients with fractures underwent skin stretch after fracture fixation with external fixators. There were 4 patients with wound infection, including 2 cases infected with Staphylococcus aureus, 1 with Escherichia coli, and 1 with Enterobacter cloacae, all of whom received antibiotic therapy and infection was controlled and the progressive stretch suture was performed. In 3 patients with severe degloved skin injury, the infection was treated with debridement on the first day, and stretch suture was not performed until the second debridement. The soft tissue defect wound healed completely in 10-23 days, with an average of (17.2±3.8)days. None of the patients had skin necrosis during the stretch suture treatment. The postoperative follow-up time was more than 6 months and the skin softness, sensory function and blood supply of the patients were normal, and the average Vancouver Scar Scale score was 3.1, among whom 9 cases were scored as excellent (0-3 points)　and 5 as good (4-7 points). The patients were satisfied with the effect of skin stretch,the study suggests that the progressive stretch skin suture technique is simple and effective in treatment of soft tissue defect.

Correlation between early renal function injury in chronic kidney disease and metabolic syndrome in elderly healthy people / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To explore the correlation between metabolic syndrome(MS)and early renal function injury in chronic kidney disease(CKD)in the healthy elderly subjects having passed through a healthy physical examination.Methods:These healthy elderly subjects aged ≥ 60 years in the Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital health management center from September 2017 to August 2018 were randomly selected to collect lifestyle information such as disease history and living habits, as well as health information such as height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood lipid, blood glucose, creatinine, morning urine routine, urinary protein and urinary occult blood.The detection situation of MS and early renal function injury of chronic kidney disease, and the correlation of MS and its abnormal components with early renal function injury of CKD were analyzed.Results:A total of 2 975 subjects, aged from 60 to 92 years old, with mean age of(67.10±5.98)years old, were enrolled.The detection rate of MS and early renal function impairment in CKD was 32.34%(962/2 975)and 28.84%(858/2 975)respectively.The detection rate of early CKD renal function injury in MS patients was 37.63%(362/962), which was higher than that in non-MS patients(24.64%)(496/2 013)( χ2=53.52, P<0.001). The prevalences of CKD and albumin/creatinine ratio(ACR)in MS patients were significantly higher than those in non-MS patients[31.91%(307/962)versus 17.49%(352/2 013)]with the difference being statistically significant( χ2=78.56, P <0.001). Central obesity, elevated blood pressure and elevated blood glucose increased the risk of CKD( OR=1.44, 1.82 and 1.74 respectively, all P< 0.05). Along with the increase of number of metabolic abnormal components, the risk of CKD increased. Conclusions:MS is a risk factor for early renal function impairment in CKD.Early control and treatment of MS are of great significance in reducing the incidence rate of CKD and delaying CKD progression.

Role of Erbin in sepsis-associated encephalopathy in mice and the relationship with NLRP3 inflammasomes / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the role of ErbB2 interacting protein (Erbin) in sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) in mice and the relationship with nod-like receptor thermoprotein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes.Methods:Sixty SPF-grade healthy male wild-type C57BL/6 mice and 60 Erbin (-/-)C57BL/6 mice, aged 8-10 weeks, weighing 20-25 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=30 each) by a random number table method: wild-type sham operation group (WT+ Sham group), wild-type SAE group (WT+ SAE group), Erbin (-/-) sham operation group (EKO+ Sham group) and Erbin (-/-) plus SAE group (EKO+ SAE group). The model of SAE was established by cecal ligation and perforation in anesthetized mice.Open field test (total distance moved) was performed at 7 days after establishing the model, new object recognition test (recognition index) was performed at 8 days after establishing the model, and Morris water maze test (time of staying at target quadrant) was performed at 10 days after establishing the model.The mice were sacrificed, and hippocampal tissues were removed for microscopic examination of pathologic changes (by HE staining) and for determination of neuron count, expression of NLRP3, caspase-1 and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) (by Western blot), the number of NLRP3 positive cells (by immunohistochemistry), and contents of interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and IL-18 (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). The cell survival rate was calculated. Results:Compared with group WT+ Sham, the time of staying at target quadrant was significantly shortened, the recognition index and cell survival rate were decreased, the contents of IL-1β, IL-18 and TNF-α and the number of NLRP3 positive cells were increased, and the expression of NLRP3, caspase-1 and ASC was up-regulated in group WT+ SAE ( P<0.05). Compared with group EKO+ Sham, the time of staying at target quadrant was significantly shortened, the recognition index and cell survival rate were decreased, the contents of IL-1β, IL-18 and TNF-α and the number of NLRP3 positive cells were increased, and the expression of NLRP3, caspase-1 and ASC was up-regulated in group EKO+ SAE ( P<0.05). Compared with group WT+ SAE, the time of staying at target quadrant was significantly shortened, the recognition index and cell survival rate were decreased, the contents of IL-1β, IL-18 and TNF-α and the number of NLRP3 positive cells were increased, and the expression of NLRP3, caspase-1 and ASC was up-regulated in group EKO+ SAE ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in total distance moved between the four groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Erbin can exert endogenous protection by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes in mice with SAE.

Investigation on current status and analysis of influencing factors of phalanx bone mineral density in middle-aged and elderly people in Chengdu / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To understand the current status of bone mineral density level in middle-aged and elderly people in Chengdu, and to analyze its influencing factors. Methods A random sample of 1 954 healthy people from the physical examination center of Sichuan People's Hospital was selected. A questionnaire survey was used to collect demographic data, chronic medical history, diet, exercise, and other conditions. The phalanx bone mineral density was collected by on-site measurement. Results With the increase of age, bone mineral density decreased significantly, and the bone mineral density of females in the same age group was lower than that of males (P65 years old and females were >55 years old. Univariate analysis showed that age, gender, hypertension, diabetes, alcohol consumption, smoking, exercise, sun exposure and drinking milk, coffee, tea and carbonated beverages were associated with the level of bone mineral density. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that diabetes, smoking and regular drinking of coffee or tea were risk factors for the decrease of bone mineral density (P<0.05). Regular exercise, drinking milk and sun exposure were protective factors for bone mineral density (P<0.05). Conclusion Bone mineral density level is affected by various factors. Regular exercise, drinking milk and sun exposure can relieve the decrease of bone mineral density. Maintaining blood glucose stability, quitting smoking and drinking less coffee and tea can help to prevent osteoporosis. It is necessary to strengthen health education for high-risk population.

Implementation of aerobic exercise intervention in patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease: A prospective study / 临床肝胆病杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the intervention effect of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and preliminary intervention regimens, and to provide a theoretical basis and new ideas for the effective prevention and treatment of MAFLD. MethodsA total of 158 MAFLD patients who underwent physical examination in Health Management Center of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital from May to August 2019 or who were recruited through the WeChat official account of “Health Management Center of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital” were enrolled as subjects, and the patients were divided into control group with 52 patients, monthly follow-up group with 54 patients, and weekly follow-up group with 52 groups using a random number table. The patients in the control group were given health education alone on admission, and those in the monthly follow-up group and the weekly follow-up group were received the intervention of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise; in the monthly follow-up group and the weekly follow-up group, a sports bracelet was used to monitor the exercise and follow-up was performed through the WeChat platform at a frequency of once a month and once a week, respectively. The noninvasive liver fibrosis diagnosis system FibroTouch was used to evaluate the degree of fatty liver disease before and after intervention. The three groups were compared in terms of the changes in body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hepatic fat attenuation index, liver stiffness, blood pressure, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), uric acid (UA), total cholesterol (TG), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol after 3 months of intervention. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between multiple groups, and the paired t-test was used for comparison between two groups; the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between multiple groups, and the Nemenyi test or Wilcoxon signed rank-sum test was used for comparison between two groups. ResultsA total of 147 patients completed the trial, with 49 patients in the control group (3 were lost to follow-up), 49 in the monthly follow-up group (5 were lost to follow-up), and 49 in the weekly follow-up group (3 were lost to follow-up). With the amount of exercise, which reached the target heart rate, 5 times a week for more than 30 minutes each time as the criteria, the rate of reaching the standard was 66.7% in the monthly follow-up group and 93.2% in the weekly follow-up group. There were no significant differences in each index between the three groups before intervention (all P＞0.05). The monthly follow-up group had a significant reduction in waist circumference after intervention (9339±9.24 cm vs 94.24±8.89 cm, t=2.590, P＜0.05). After intervention, the weekly follow-up group had significant reductions in BMI (26.46±3.36 kg/m2 vs 27.63±3.46 kg/m2, t=8.534, P＜0.001), waist circumference (87.04±8.84 cm vs 91.47±8.08 cm, t=6.854, P＜0.001), hepatic fat attenuation index (260.08±31.07 dB/m vs 287.88±23.28 dB/m, t=8.521, P＜0.001), diastolic blood pressure (76.78±11.23 mm Hg vs 79.27±12.36 mm Hg, t=2.106, P=0.040), ALT ［32(20-43) U/L vs 43(28-59) U/L, Z=-3.973, P＜0001］, GGT ［25(19-40) U/L vs 34(24-47) U/L, Z=-3.847, P＜0.001］, TG ［1.48 (1.20-2.02) mmol/L vs 2.04 (1.63-2.80) mmol/L, Z=-3.873, P＜0.001］, UA (381.53±71.89 μmol/L vs 414.37±81.27 μmol/L, t=3.953, P＜0.001), and FPG (5.05±0.58 mmol/L vs 5.21±0.71 mmol/L, t=2.185, P=0034). ConclusionModerate-intensity aerobic exercise can significantly reduce the serum levels of TG, ALT, and GGT and alleviate the degree of fatty liver disease in MAFLD patients, and weekly follow-up has a better management effect than monthly follow-up. The method of remote management based on sports bracelet and WeChat software is simple and easy, with a high level of acceptance among MAFLD patients.

Correlation of body weight and its change with albuminuria in physical examination population / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objective:To study the effect of baseline weight and its change on new-onset albuminuria or increased urine albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) in the physical examination population.Methods:The subjects of this study were those who completed two or more physical examinations at the Physical Examination Center of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from September 1, 2013 to September 1, 2018. The general information and laboratory examination results at the first and last physical examinations were collected. According to body mass index (BMI), they were divided into normal BMI group and overweight/obese group. The differences in general clinical data and laboratory test results between the two groups were compared. The primary endpoint events were new-onset albuminuria or urine ACR increase≥30%. Stepwise multiple linear regression method was used to analyze the influencing factors for ACR increase, and Cox proportional hazard model method was used to analyze the impact of baseline weight and its change on new-onset albuminuria or ACR increase ≥30%.Results:A total of 1 761 physical examination subjects were included in this study. The follow-up time was (16.54±7.87) months. There were 59 patients with new-onset albuminuria, 30 patients with ACR increase≥30%, and 35 patients with albuminuria reversal. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that BMI was an independent influencing factor for ACR ( β=0.127, P<0.001). Cox regression analysis showed that the older age ( HR=1.041, 95% CI 1.018-1.064, P<0.001), hypertension ( HR=2.035, 95% CI 1.278-3.242, P=0.003), diabetes ( HR=2.081, 95% CI 1.310-3.305, P=0.002) and hyperuricemia ( HR=1.700, 95% CI 1.084-2.668, P=0.021) were independent influencing factors for new-onset albuminuria or ACR increase≥30%, while BMI ( HR=1.053, 95% CI 0.975-1.137, P=0.191) and weight change rate ( HR=1.030, 95% CI 0.972-1.092, P=0.322) were not independent influencing factors for endpoint events. Subgroup analysis indicated that overweight/obesity had interactions with age, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperuricemia, respectively ( P for interaction<0.05), and the effects of overweight/obesity on the pre-set primary endpoint events in each subgroup were basically consistent. There were interactions between weight gain and hypertension and diabetes ( P for interaction<0.05). Weight gain increased the risk of the primary endpoint events of women ( HR=3.355, 95% CI 1.164-9.670, P=0.025), and the effects of overweight/obesity on the pre-set primary endpoint events of each subcomponent were basically the same (all P>0.05). The incidence of albuminuria reversal in the group with obvious weight loss was slightly higher than that in the group with obvious weight gain, but the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05), which might be related to the small weight loss range (-6.08%±3.51%). Conclusions:Overweight or obesity may increase the risk of albuminuria, and people with diabetes, hypertension, and hyperuricemia may be more likely to occur. Mild weight loss is not enough to reverse albuminuria.

Characteristic of emotion recognition ability to different facial expressions in impulsive violent criminals / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective:To explore the difference of emotion recognition ability between impulsive violent criminals and the controls.Methods:Fifty-nine impulsive violent criminals were selected from 90 violent criminals in a prison.The control group consisted of 35 service workers and security guards recruited from a university.The 2 group (impulsive violent criminals group, control group) ×4 emotion (happiness, anger, sadness, fear) hybrid design was used in this study.The emotion recognition score, errors number and changed response number for each of the four emotions, including happiness, anger, sadness and fear, were obtained through an emotional expression multimorph task to investigate the difference of emotion recognition ability between the two groups.Results:Four participants with error rate more than 30％ were excluded.The effective data involved 58 impulsive violent criminals and 32 control subjects.The impulsive violent criminals had significant higher recognition scores of happiness [ (18.6±3.4) vs. (16.4±4.0), P＜0.01] and anger [ (16.2±2.4) vs. (14.1±3.2), P＜0.01] than the control group.In impulsive violent criminals, the recognition scores of facial expressions ranked from high to low were that of happiness, anger, fear and sadness (Ps＜0.05).In the control group, the recognition scores of facial expressions ranked from high to low were that of happiness, anger, fear/sadness (Ps＜0.05), but there was no significant difference between recognition scores of fear and sadness (P＞0.05).Conclusion:It suggests that the impulsive violent criminals might have a higher sensitivity to happy and angry facial expressions.

A control study of gonadal hormone level in female patients with panic disorder / 重庆医学

Objective To understand the serum gonadal hormone level of female patients with panic disorder(PD),and to analyze its relationship with the disease severity.Methods The chemiluminescence method was adopted to detect serum gonadal hormone level in 57 female patients with panic disorder and 74 healthy subjects,the panic disorder severity scale (PDSS),Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) and Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) were simultaneously used to conduct the investigation.Results The serum pituitary prolactin (PRL) level in the female patients with PD had lower level was higher than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05);the luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The difference of the serum testosterone,estradiol and progesterone levels between the female patients with panic disorder and control group was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).The correlation analysis found that serum T level in the female patients with PD was negatively correlated with the disease severity of panic disorder,HAMD total score,retardation factor and sleep disorder factor (P＜0.05).Serum LH and FSH were positively correlated with the anxiety somatic factor of HAMA (P＜0.05).Serum FSH level was positively correlated with anxiety somatization and the sleep disorder factor of HAMD (P＜0.05).Conclusion The disorder of gonadal hormone levels may exist in the female patients with PD,and the serum T level is correlated with the PD severity and depressive symptoms.

The effects of co-culture of L-iminoethyl ornithine and excessive fluorine on the expression of nitric oxide/endothelial nitric oxide synthase in human neuroblastoma SH-SYSY cells / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) specific inhibitor L-iminoethyl ornithine hydrochloride (L-NIO) for all the fluorine in vitro cultivation of SH-SY5Y cells apoptosis,eNOS mRNA and protein expression,and effect of nitric oxide (NO) content and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity change.Methods The SH-SY5Y cells cultured in vitro were divided into control group,low fluoride group,high fluoride group,L-NIO group,low fluoride with L-NIO group,high fluoride with L-NIO group,n =3.The control group added equal volume culture liquid with the experimental group,the concentration of sodium fluoride (NaF) in the low fluoride group and the high fluoride group were 0.2 and 2.0 mmol/L,respectively.The L-NIO group added 3 μmol/L L-NIO,the low fluoride with L-NIO group and the high fluoride with L-NIO group were added to 0.2 mmol/L NaF and 3 μmol/L L-NIO,2.0 mmol/L NaF and 3 μmol/L L-NIO,respectively.The incubation time was 48 h.The expression level of eNOS protein in cells was detected by Western blotting.The expression level of eNOS mRNA in cells was detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR method.The apoptosis of cells was detected by flow cytometry,NO content and NOS activity in cell culture liquid were detected by nitrate reductase and colorimetric assay.Results Compared with the control group (1.000 ± 0.026),the expression of eNOS protein in the low and high fluoride groups (1.108 ± 0.071,1.349 ± 0.057) increased (P ＜ 0.05),and the L-NIO group (0.755 ± 0.148) decreased (P ＜ 0.05);compared with the low fluoride group,the high fluoride group increased and the low fluoride with L-NIO group (0.802 ± 0.115) decreased (P ＜ 0.05);compared with the high fluoride group,high fluoride with L-NIO group (0.988 ± 0.135) decreased (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the control group (1.000 ±0.018),the expression of eNOS mRNA in the low and high fluoride groups (1.809 ± 0.099,2.416 ± 0.295) increased (P ＜ 0.05),the L-NIO group (0.609-± 0.077) decreased (P ＜ 0.05);compared with the low fluoride group,the high fluoride group was elevated(P ＜ 0.05),the low fluoride with L-NIO group (1.040 ± 0.034) decreased (P ＜ 0.05);compared with the high fluoride group,high fluoride with L-NIO group (1.233 ± 0.152) decreased (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the control group [(1.66 ± 0.07)％],the cell apoptosis rate in the low and high fluoride groups [(8.81 ± 0.27)％,(17.60 ± 0.20)％] increased,L-NIO group [(1.03 ± 0.04)％] decreased (P ＜ 0.05);compared with the low fluoride group,the high fluoride group increased and the low fluoride with L-NIO group [(6.03 ± 0.10)％] decreased (P ＜ 0.05);compared with the high fluoride group,the high fluoride with L-NIO [(12.12 ± 0.08)％] decreased (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the control group [(2.773 ± 0.145)μmol/L],the content of NO in the cell culture medium in the low and high fluoride groups [(8.251 ± 1.047),(14.287 ± 1.062) μmol/L] increased (P＜ 0.05),and the L-NIO group [(1.648 ± 0.155) μmol/L] decreased (P ＜ 0.05);compared with the low fluoride group,the high fluoride group was elevated (P ＜ 0.05),the low fluoride with L-NIO group [(4.622 ± 0.252) μmol/L] decreased (P ＜ 0.05);compared with the the high fluoride group,high fluoride with L-NIO group [(7.899 ± 0.385) μmol/L] decreased (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the control group [(0.507 ± 0.041) U/ml],the activity of NOS in the cell culture medium in the low and high fluoride groups [(0.772 ± 0.032),(2.258 ± 0.062) U/ml] increased (P ＜ 0.05),and the L-NIO group [(0.346 ±0.015) U/ml] decreased (P ＜ 0.05);compared with the low fluoride group,the high fluoride group was elevated (P ＜0.05),the low fluoride with L-NIO group [(0.637 ± 0.026) U/ml] decreased (P ＜ 0.05);compared with the the high fluoride group,high fluoride with L-NIO group [(1.161 ± 0.071) U/ml] decreased (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Excessive fluoride can lead to overexpression of eNOS protein and mRNA in SH-SY5Y cells,increase of apoptosis rate,increase the content of NO in cell culture and enhance the activity of NOS.After co-culture of L-NIO and fluorine,it can antagonize the damage of fluorine to SH-SY5Y cells and play a certain neuroprotective effect.

Preparation And Characterization of Tripterine-Coix Seed Component Microemulsions And Its Inhibition on Lung Cancer In Vivo / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

This study was aimed to prepare tripterine-coix seed component microemulsions (TCC-MEs) with coix seed oil and coix seed polysaccharide as bimodal excipients and evaluate its activity on anti-lung cancer in vivo.Coix seed oil was extracted by supercritical extraction methods and coix seed polysaccharide was obtained through hot water extraction and alcohol precipitation from coix seed.Then,coix seed oil was used as the oil phase,and coix seed polysaccharide aqueous solution was used as the aqueous phase.RH40 was used as the surfactant.PEG400 was used as cosurfactant to prepare microemulsion.TCC-MEs were made by water titration method and characterized by size,polymer dispersity index (PDI),zeta potential,encapsulation efficiency and drug loading capacity.And then,anti-tumor activity of TCC-MEs was evaluated on the xenograft Lewis tumor mouse models.The liver and kidney toxicity was evaluated by HE staining and biochemical indicators.The results showed that the optimized prescription for TCC-MEs was coix seed oil 400 mg,RH40 300 mg,PEG 400 100 mg,coix seed polysaccharide 50 mg,tripterine 10 mg;and the tripterine encapsulation efficiency was (90.72 ± 0.28)％;the drug loading capacity was (1.08 ± 0.17)％;the mean diameter of microemulsion was (43.86 ± 0.22) nm;PDI was 0.10 ± 0.01;the zeta potential was (-13.14 ± 1.35) mV.The activity of anti-lung cancer in TCC-MEs was significantly better than that of the control group,with no significant liver and kidney toxicity after treatment with TCC-MEs.It was concluded that the prepared TCC-MEs had advantages of small amount of conventional auxiliary materials,small particle size and high stability.This study showed that the combination of triptolide and coix seed to microemulsion system has synergistic and attenuated effect.

Study and Strategy of Anti-tumor Metastasis Based on Extracellular Exosomes / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

An "exosome" is a nano-grade biological membrane structure with a diameter of 40 nm-130 nm from cell endocytosis.Exosomes,which are enriched with a subset of proteins,nucleic acid and lipids,represent an important manner for the intercellular communication and exchanging of substances.Exosomes play a critical role at the pathological state such as tumor metastasis as well as in normal physiological state.Metastasis is the main characteristics of malignant tumors.It is the leading cause of tumor recurrence,treatment failure and death.This paper reviewed the current understanding of relationship between exosomes,tumor metastasis and their potential applications as antimetastasis strategy from biosynthesis inhibition,drug delivery system construction and metastasis related signal pathway blocking based on targeting exosomes,especially introduced the future prospects of exosome as drug vehicles for metastasis treatment.With further progress in research,this kind of strategy will be beneficial to anti-tumor metastasis treatment.